v1.0
Home Ground Operations & Airport Services ⭐ GitHub
📊

Process Flow Diagram (BPMN)

GO-15 BPMN diagram
📋

L4 Process Steps

StepStep NameRole / Swim LaneSystem InputOutputKPIDec?Exc?
Phase 1
1.1
Extract gate event data from AMS Station Performance Analyst SITA Airport Management System (AMS) Scheduled reporting period close (daily/weekly trigger) Raw gate event log: block-in, block-out, stand assignment, delays Data extraction latency ≤15 min after period close N N
1.2 Pull ACARS turnaround event timestamps Station Performance Analyst SITA ACARS AMS gate event log from step 1.1 ACARS-corroborated block times: chocks-on, door-open, door-close, push-back ACARS coverage ≥95% of narrowbody turns at hub stations N Y
1.3 Ingest baggage handling data from BRS Station Performance Analyst SITA WorldTracer Baggage reconciliation system (BRS) export for the period Baggage mishandling records: late bags, wrong-loaded, offloaded, damaged WorldTracer file ingestion success rate ≥99% N Y
1.4 Validate data completeness across all stations Station Performance Analyst AWS S3 / Redshift Merged AMS, ACARS, and WorldTracer datasets loaded to Redshift staging schema Data quality report: missing records flagged, coverage % per station Data completeness ≥98% of operated flights before KPI run proceeds Y Y
Phase 2
2.1
Calculate D0 and D15 on-time departure metrics Station Performance Analyst AWS Redshift Validated gate event dataset from phase 1 D0 and D15 departure performance % per station, per fleet type, per hour-of-day System-wide D0 ≥78%; D15 ≥88% (IATA AHM 810 standard) N N
2.2 Compute gate and stand utilisation rate Station Performance Analyst SITA Airport Management System (AMS) Stand assignment and block-time data from AMS Gate utilisation % per stand per day; peak-hour congestion index per station Gate utilisation target ≥72% at primary hub gates; congestion index <1.2 at peak N N
2.3 Calculate baggage mishandling and delivery KPIs Station Performance Analyst SITA WorldTracer Baggage mishandling records from step 1.3; passenger boarding counts from Amadeus Altéa PSS Mishandled baggage rate per 1,000 passengers; average delivery-to-belt time (minutes) Mishandled bag rate ≤3.5 per 1,000 pax (IATA World Baggage Report benchmark); first-bag-to-belt ≤20 min N N
2.4 Assess computed KPIs against threshold rules Station Performance Analyst AWS Redshift Computed KPI values from steps 2.1–2.3; threshold configuration table in Redshift KPI status flags: Green / Amber / Red per metric per station 100% of KPI metrics receive a RAG status within 30 min of data validation Y Y
Phase 3
3.1
Build station scorecard dashboard in Tableau Station Performance Analyst Tableau RAG-flagged KPI dataset published to Tableau Server data source Interactive station scorecard: D0/D15, gate util, bag KPIs, trend sparklines per station Scorecard refresh latency ≤60 min after reporting period close N N
3.2 Identify underperforming stations via threshold alerts Ground Operations Performance Manager Tableau Published station scorecard with RAG flags Underperformer shortlist: stations with ≥2 Red KPIs or single critical-metric Red flag Underperformer identification completed within 2 hours of scorecard publication N N
3.3 Conduct root cause drill-down for Red-flagged stations Ground Operations Performance Manager AWS Redshift Underperformer shortlist; flight-level delay code breakdown from Redshift Root cause classification: staffing, equipment, aircraft late-in, ATC, weather, process Root cause assigned for ≥90% of Red-flagged stations within 4 hours Y Y
Phase 4
4.1
Issue performance improvement notice to station manager Ground Operations Performance Manager Microsoft Azure Synapse Root cause classification and supporting KPI evidence from step 3.3 Performance Improvement Notice (PIN) with specific KPI targets and 30-day remediation timeline PIN issued within 24 hours of Red-flag identification for stations with ground-caused root cause N N
4.2 Assess whether VP Ground Ops escalation is required Ground Operations Performance Manager Tableau Station KPI trend data; PIN issuance history; escalation threshold ruleset Escalation decision: escalate to VP Ground Ops or manage at performance manager level Escalation decision made within 48 hours of Red-flag identification Y N
4.3 Brief VP Ground Ops with station performance summary Director of Ground Operations Tableau Escalated station performance package: KPI trend, root cause, PIN history, remediation plan VP decision: resource reallocation, contractor review, or formal station audit trigger VP briefing delivered within 72 hours of escalation trigger N N
Phase 5
5.1
Publish daily ops performance briefing Station Performance Analyst Tableau Overnight KPI computation run; previous-day baseline Daily Ops Briefing email/dashboard: top-5 KPI movers, Red-flag summary, delay code distribution Daily briefing distributed by 07:00 local time at each hub station N Y
5.2 Distribute weekly station scorecard to station managers Ground Operations Performance Manager Tableau 7-day rolling KPI dataset; prior week scorecard for trend comparison Weekly scorecard PDF distributed to station managers and regional directors Weekly scorecard delivered every Monday by 09:00 local hub time N N
5.3 Submit monthly KPI report to senior leadership Director of Ground Operations Microsoft Power BI Monthly KPI summary from Redshift; incident log from AMS; financial impact data from SAP S/4HANA Finance Monthly Ground Ops Performance Report: trend charts, YoY comparison, cost-of-poor-quality estimate Monthly report submitted to SVP Operations by the 5th calendar day of the following month N N
Phase 6
6.1
Analyse 13-week rolling performance trends Ground Operations Performance Manager AWS Redshift 13-week historical KPI dataset from Redshift; seasonality index from Amadeus SkyCAST Trend analysis report: directional KPI movement, seasonal-adjusted performance, benchmark gap Trend analysis completed quarterly; covers 100% of hub and focus-city stations N N
6.2 Review and update KPI targets in BI platform Director of Ground Operations Tableau 13-week trend report; benchmark data from IATA AHM and Airport Council International (ACI) Updated KPI threshold configuration approved and published to Tableau data source; change log entry KPI targets reviewed at minimum quarterly; changes approved within 5 business days of review Y N
📋

Process Attributes

Identification

Process IDGO-15
L1 DomainGround Operations & Airport Services
L2 ProcessAirport & Gate Management
L3 NameStation Performance & KPI Reporting
L4 Steps19 across 6 phases
Decision Gates5 (all with iteration loops)
Exceptions6 documented

Swim Lanes (Roles)

Station Performance Analyst
Ground Operations Performance Manager
Director of Ground Operations

Systems & Tools

SITA Airport Management System (AMS)SITA ACARSSITA WorldTracerAWS S3 / RedshiftAWS RedshiftTableauMicrosoft Azure SynapseMicrosoft Power BI

Key Performance Indicators

Extract gate event data from AMSData extraction latency ≤15 min after period close
Pull ACARS turnaround event timestampsACARS coverage ≥95% of narrowbody turns at hub stations
Ingest baggage handling data from BRSWorldTracer file ingestion success rate ≥99%
Validate data completeness across all stationsData completeness ≥98% of operated flights before KPI run proceeds
Calculate D0 and D15 on-time departure metricsSystem-wide D0 ≥78%; D15 ≥88% (IATA AHM 810 standard)
Compute gate and stand utilisation rateGate utilisation target ≥72% at primary hub gates; congestion index <1.2 at peak
Calculate baggage mishandling and delivery KPIsMishandled bag rate ≤3.5 per 1,000 pax (IATA World Baggage Report benchmark); first-bag-to-belt ≤20 min
Assess computed KPIs against threshold rules100% of KPI metrics receive a RAG status within 30 min of data validation

Airline-Specific Risks & Pain Points

AMS event timestamps may be entered manually by ramp agents, introducing ±3 min inaccuracies that distort D0 calculations; no auto-capture at many regional stations
Regional and outstations with older ground equipment may have ACARS downlink gaps; fallback to manual log creates 5–8% data voids that inflate reported OTP
WorldTracer data latency at transborder stations (US/Canada/Mexico) can exceed 4 hours due to customs hold scanning delays, making same-day reporting unreliable
Redshift ingestion pipelines from SITA AMS rely on SFTP batch files; file delivery failures at outstations can silently drop entire station's data from the reporting run
Carrier-caused vs. non-carrier delay classification is applied post-hoc via delay codes entered by agents — code 93 (ATC) vs code 15 (late aircraft) misclassification inflates ground ops performance metrics
AMS stand assignment data does not reflect real-time remote-stand tows, causing gate utilisation to be overstated for aerobridged stands and understated for remote apron positions

Inputs / Outputs

Primary InputScheduled reporting period close (daily/weekly trigger)
Primary OutputUpdated KPI threshold configuration approved and published to Tableau data source; change log entry
PreviousGO-14 · Ground Support Equipment (GSE) ManagementNextMR-01 · Line Maintenance Planning & Execution